Hey again everybody, I've gotten a few updates since my last topic, so I thought I'd just make a new one.
Most importantly:
I learned that I'll be making more money than I thought, so I will have roughly $2300 for a computer.
I intend to get the M-Audio Profire 610 sound card, because that fits the input requirements and sound quality that I want.
This makes the total a little roughly $2000 for a computer.
Also, I found that until August 25th, I can get a 25% discount on all dell equipment, through my job.

I'm moving, but I can't take my computer with me, so I need pretty much everything.

A List of what I need:
Monitor - nothing special, I intend to get more/better later
Case/PSU/Fans - needs to be very silent and keep cool, with room for upgrading
CD RW - Very basic; I'd just use this to put music on atm.
"Super fast processor" - Multithreading is nice, but I don't think a hex core is worth it. Quad i7's would probably be what I'd want.
Workstation graphics - Not really going for a gaming computer right away, might upgrade it later.
Something like 60 gb Solid State Drive
500 gb HDD, maybe more, this sorta thing is cheap to change.
I've heard good things about raid, I've never used it personally though, so I might try it.

What it will be used for:
The computer will be used as my digital audio workstation, and will essentially need to be able to quickly process audio tracks for live recording and playback. I've used some rather high end computers for the programs I plan on using, and they don't seem to be able to keep up with how fast I need the reaction.

I was looking at dual core systems, but other musicians told me to go for quad.

Can anyone help me find a deal on such a system?

These deals might expire by the time you get around to buying.
Case options, with/without PSU:
I found 3 excellent cases which are all different sizes:
NZXT Whisper:
Ex wants one, it's supposed to be quiet. Full tower, so huge and heavy. Combo with windows 7.
http://www.newegg.com/Product/ComboDealDetails.aspx?ItemList=Combo.437504.11-146-051

Lian Li A05NB:
My personal favorite case due to its unique design. It reverses the normal airflow, with the PSU in the front. There's only 1 place to put a fan intake, and no outtake other than the PSU, so it's not superb in the airflow department, but is a small, quiet case, so long as the cpu/gpu fans aren't too loud (aluminum doesn't dampen sound at all like the whisper). If you want a small case, this is it. Ridiculous savings on combo with the god tier seasonic x650 (80 plus gold, so ~90% efficiency, has a temperature monitor which turns on/off fan when needed).
http://www.newegg.com/Product/ComboDealDetails.aspx?ItemList=Combo.466902

Lian Li Lancool K7B:
My case. Comes with 2 fans in the front, one in the rear, top mounted PSU. With 2 fans in the front, you have a positive pressure/null pressure system, so the only air in the case is coming through the front, meaning you can filter it (comes with filters too). No more needing to clean your fans/case every few months! Mid tower means it's not as big as a full tower, but still enormous compared to many other computer cases. The best part is the removable motherboard tray, which makes assembly so much easier. This one has a $50 combo with the Seasonic x750. Same deal as the 650, just more powah.
http://www.newegg.com/Product/ComboDealDetails.aspx?ItemList=Combo.472236

Cooler Master 690:
Excellent case. Comes with 3 fans, holds up to 7. Good layout. No combo deals I could find other than windows 7 again. The one thing the CM has that Lian Li plainly sucks at is eSATA ports. For some reason, LL doesn't bother with them. It's something to consider.
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16811119137

Power supply:
Since we're going for quality here, it's seasonic, or anything else gold. Anything over 500W is overkill, but drawing 50% is optimal efficiency, so drawing 325 W is ideal for a 650 W unit. I just can't find anything I like better than the x650/x750. Don't be confused by the other power supplies rated for 900W for the same price. Unlike most computer parts, in PSUs more does not mean better. We can skimp on this down to $50 if need be.

CPU/Mobo/RAM:
Gotta be i7. Found a combo deal with the gigabyte GA-X58A-UD5. The major difference between the UD5 and the UD7 is 12 phase capacitors, aka overclocking stability and $90. That's the difference between high end and enthusiast. Also included is generic 6GB ocz ram. I find it hard to believe one could use more than 6 GB, but if you're worried, we can find a 3x4 GB kit instead.
http://www.newegg.com/Product/ComboDealDetails.aspx?ItemList=Combo.466588

Hard Drive:
You say you want 500 GB. That's cheap. $50 for 500 GB. $65 for 1 TB. Hard drive deals are a dime a dozen, but you've really only got 2 choices in hard drives: spinpoint f3/f4, and caviar black (64 MB cache version). The spinpoints are cheaper and faster, but the caviar black is better quality.
http://www.ewiz.com/detail.php?name=HD-HD502HJ&title=Samsung-SpinPoint-F3-HD502HJ-500GB-SATA2-7200rpm-16MB-Hard-Drive

DVD Burner:
That's all you're going to get. $20 is the going price. I think there's still a $10 off $75 on ewiz, so you can get a 1 TB drive with dvd burner for $75.

GPU:
Looking at everything, I simply can't recommend workstation graphics, unless you have a workstation use for it (crazy intensive 3-D modeling with GPU number crunching). That being said, the second best bet is a high end normal graphics. Normally I'd pick a fermi since it's better than ATi's current offerings, but nVidia put a limiter on their gaming cards to prevent people from number crunching on gaming cards. They want you to spend $2k on a workstation (which is ~10x faster). ATi doesn't have quite the same limitation. You've got a few options. All are going to be XFX due to warranty. We can save some money here too if need be.
Run anything: XFX 5870 (PSU combo if you want the NZXT whisper case)
http://www.newegg.com/Product/ComboDealDetails.aspx?ItemList=Combo.430647
Run anything slightly worse: XFX 5850
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16814150494
Run almost anything: XFX 5770 - can add 2nd one if you want.
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16814150447

SSD: Corsair Force CSSD-F60GB2-BRKT
This thing looks too promising to recommend anything else, especially for the price. There's so many SSDs out there now that it's ridiculous.
http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16820233124

The total will be well under $2000

The only thing we can do to make it more powerful is drop the gpu down to a 5770 and upgrade to a dual LGA 1366 server motherboard. I can finalize this if you let me know which case/graphics you want.

Yeah, definitely some good deals in there.
I'm not planning on buying anything until the 29th, so it they may not last.

What I'm looking at now:

NZXT Digital Arctic Camo case: 150 (Might go with the cooler master 690, like you said, instead)
2.8 GHz i7 quad core: 300
3X2GB DDR3 SDRAM: 160
Gigabyte GA-X58A-UD5 motherboard: 300
M-Audio Profire 610 Sound Card: 400
Corsair Force CSSD-F60GB2-BRKT Solid State Drive: 170
Planar PX2230MW Touch Screen Monitor: 400
SeaSonic x750 PSU: 140/180
Fantom Drives G-Force 1TB EHDD:75
XFX HD-577A-ZNFC Radeon HD 5770 GPU: 160
TOTAL: $2295

I assume you noticed, but.. touchscreen monitor?

yes detachable and multi touch.

I'm going to be utilizing a lot of VST plugins, some of which have many dials and such, which I want to be able to dial around like a real knob instead of wasting time using a mouse.

My setup:
I'll mainly use Ableton Live with numerous VST plugins; after which I'll transfer files to Pro Tools M-Powered. (Which works because of my Sound Card.)
It will be a professional style setup I think.

... Yeah. Well, first of all, if you want stuff like a keyboard/mouse, factor in the price now for the ones you want. Otherwise, you'll want to ask others who do whatever you do for their opinion, because I doubt rockz or Ex, our computer-experts, know much about making beautiful music.

Yeah, I can most likely get a keyboard and mouse when I move, but I guess that's a good point.
I am also asking other sites throughout this process to see what instruments connect well to what programs and whatnot. (This is only the workstation part of the entire thing.)

Oh! Looking back at this, I forgot to add a CD/DVD drive, just a cheap one, but still something.

Unless you really want the backup software, I would recommend a spinpoint in an external enclosure. Make use of that USB 3.0 and get a 3.0 or eSATA enclosure off ewiz, then wait for a coupon to bring down the price some. Right now (until 8-22) class15 will take off $15 on $100.

wow yeah, spinpoint has the same speeds and capacities for lots cheaper..