I'd reccomend making the choice between ddr3 ram and sli/crossfire right away, so that you don't get stuck on upgradabiliy. If you've got a high budget you can get sli/crossfire boards, but it costs extra and it's next to useless to have both technologies. With the current budget/way the market's going, I'd recommend ddr2 with crossfire (so like an ASUS P5Q pro or deluxe as far as the motherboard goes) Right now, if you hunt for a good deal, you should be able to get 4 gigs of ddr2 ram for 40-50 dollars USD, since the price is dirt cheap. The 2x2 GB is alright, though I would say buying a couple 2 packs of 1 gb on sale would be a better option, if you could get well-speced stuff. The PSU and case that Excalibur posted are good, if you're looking at other cases Antec has some affordable ones that are quite good, I've been using a 900 for the past year and the thing is literally a giant fan.
Anyways, for the gfx, a 4870 is a great card, if you're looking to do high-end gaming (Crysis and shit) then you might consider 2 of them, or a 4870x2 if you find it for less than two 4870s. Anyways, always need to remember to get a processer fan, and to pick up an OEM (or retail) copy of a 64 bit vista OS if you want to run 4 gigs of ram. Other than that, it looks like a pretty solid system, the system that was posted earlier is on the low end of your budget so it makes some concessions, but if you bump the mobo to something nice and the processor to an i7 or quad core, you can expect a price jump of around 400, which can be pretty steep.
As for the quad core thing, it's got a shared cashe and some games will run on multiple cores, some won't. Either way, when you do run a big game, the processor will transfer other background programs to your other cores, meaning that you dont have to turn things off, and that minimizing your game won't crash your system like it did back in the single core days.
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